Westfield State College Ely Library
A GUIDE TO LITERARY CRITICISM
See also:  Databases by Subject      Web Resources
Criticism of any type is ABOUT an author, a book or story, or even a painting or a movie. In looking for critical information in the library, the author, book, or movie, becomes the SUBJECT of your search. Ely Library has books of criticism on authors and major literary works as well as Reference Books, indexes, and electronic resources that serve as guides to additional sources.
Finding Literary Criticism In The Ely Library Catalog Other Electronic Resources
Excerpts from Critical Works Other Periodical Indexes
General Background Information Authors: Critical Information
The Novel: Critical Works Short Stories: Critical Works
Poetry: Critical Works Plays: Critical Works
Indexes to Works in Collections Sample Subject Headings

Finding Literary Criticism In The Ely Library Catalog
To find books about an author or specific work:

Search the Ely Library Catalog using the author's name as subject. 
See our Guide to Searching Ely Library Catalog for more information. 
  • At the Ely Library home page, select Ely Library Catalog.
  • For information ABOUT an author or his/her work, enter the author's name as a subject, last name first.
    • Example: Hemingway, Ernest as a subject heading 
  • Select the subject heading: Hemingway, Ernest, 1899-1961 Criticism and Interpretation etc.
  • A list of books about Hemingway's work will be retrieved.
  • For works written by an author, enter the author's name after changing the search to author.
To find more books about an author or specific work search the MA Virtual Catalog from the Ely Library home page using the author’s name as the subject.  Ask at Reference for help placing interlibrary loan requests directly through this system. 
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Other Electronic Resources
Search Literature Resource Center for  full-text articles of criticism on a specific author or work of literature.   Limited to WSC community
    (Internet Site: http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/dbalpha.htm#Literature Resource). 
This database provides direct access to biographies, bibliographies and critical analysis of authors from every age and literary discipline. Included are selections from Contemporary Authors®, Dictionary of Literary Biography and Contemporary Literary Criticism Select databases.  Look for a link for Gale Literary Index in this database. 
  • From Ely Library's Home Page click on "Quick Links".
  • Click on Literature Resource Center.
  • At the search screen select Author to find out about an author. This is different from the catalog!
  • Type the name in last name first (e.g. Hemingway, Ernest).
  • See Database Searching Guides located on the Library Web page for more tips. 

     
    Search MLA Bibliography  (Modern Language Association) for references to critical articles on authors or on specific works of literature (1963- Updated Quarterly)            Limited to WSC community
        (Internet site: http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/dbalpha.htm#MLA International). 
    • From Ely Library's Home Page click on "Quick Links".
    • Click on MLA International Bibliography.
    • All the MLA publication years of coverage will be loaded.
    The MLA Bibliography is an index to scholarly articles, books and dissertations on literature, language, linguistics and folklore. International in scope, the database also covers papers and proceedings as well as articles in many languages other than English. In using this source it is often necessary to request the articles on Interlibrary Loan. See the Guide to Searching MLA Bibliography for tips on limiting searches. 

    OTHER PERIODICAL INDEXES

    Humanities International Index   (1975-present). Limited to WSC community
        (Internet site: http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/dbalpha.htm#Humanities)

    A comprehensive database covering journals, books and other important reference sources in the humanities. It includes all data from  American Humanities Index plus bibliographic records from a multitude of international journals, books and reference works. This database provides citations and abstracts for articles, essays and reviews, as well as original creative works including poems, fiction, photographs, paintings and illustrations.

    Essay and General Literature Index (1900-1998).    On Periodical/Index shelves, 1st Floor, alphabetical order.

    Provides access to essays in collected works in the humanities and social sciences with some emphasis on literary criticism. Author and Subject index. Cumulative index: Essay and General Literature Index Works indexes 1900-1969.
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    EXCERPTS FROM CRITICAL WORKS
    The titles listed below are an interrelated set published by the Gale Group that provides excerpts of literary criticism. Each title covers a specific time period based upon the author’s date of death. For example, Nathaniel Hawthorne died in 1864 so he is listed in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism, Henrik Ibsen died in 1906 so he is listed in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Toni Bambara is still alive so she is listed in Contemporary Literary Criticism.
    Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism [NCLC].    REF PN761 .N56
    Authors who died between 1800 and 1899 are in this set.
    Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism [TCLC].    Located on tables in Reference Area
    Authors who died between 1900 and 1960
    Contemporary Literary Criticism [CLC].     Located on tables in Reference Area

    Contemporary Literary Criticism Select      Limited to WSC community
        (Internet site: http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/dbalpha.htm#Contemporary Literary)
    (Online Full-text articles and excerpts from selected CLC entries)
    Authors who are still living or who died after December 31, 1959.

    World Literature Criticism, 1500 to the Present. [WLC] (6 vols.) REF PN523 W67 1992
    A selection of major authors from Gale's literary criticism series.
     
    Gale Literary Index
    (Internet Site:  http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/dbalpha.htm#Gale Literary Index).
    This online source provides a master index to the printed editions of Gale's 43 literary series including the works above (CLC, NCLC, etc.). Access this from the Ely Library Web page under Quick Links to Databases to locate the correct set and volume to use when looking for information on specific authors or their works.
     
    For indexing to the many Gale series you can also go to the last volume in any of the sets, look in the "Cumulative Index" for the author's name, and follow the abbreviations to their source. Abbreviations are explained in the front of each volume. All of the series are cross-indexed. For example:
     
    In Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Hawthorne, Nathaniel is listed as follows:
    Hawthorne, Nathaniel NCLC 39, DA, DAB, DAC, SSC3 WLC
     
    NCLC 39 is Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism, Volume 39; SSC3 is Short Story Criticism, Volume 3. Authors are listed alphabetically in each volume. The other acronyms, DA, DAB, etc. are explained in the front of each volume.

     
    How to Cite these Books in MLA Format:
    The following is the standard MLA format of the citation for a quotation from any of these books.
    If the excerpted quotation listed in the series is taken from a book: 
    Reilly, Patrick. The Literature of Guilt: From 'Gulliver' to Golding.1988. Contemporary Literary 
    Criticism. Ed. Roger Matuz. Vol. 58. Detroit: Gale, 1990. 206-12. 
    If the excerpted quotation listed in the series is taken from a periodical: 
    Tyler, Anne. "Manic Monologue," The New Republic 17 Apr. 1989: 44-6. Rpt. in 
    Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Roger Matuz. Vol. 58. Detroit:  Gale, 1990. 325.
    GENERAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION
    Use to find out when and where your author was/is writing.
    Benet's Reader's Encyclopedia (4th ed.). Ref  PN41 .B4 1996
    A handy one-volume reference to identification of writers, summaries of specific works, and definitions of literary terms. Covers all periods of world literature. Useful for tracking down literary allusions.

    Literature and Its Times.      Ref  PN 50 L574 1997
    The subtitle says it all: "profiles of 300 notable literary works and the historical events that influenced them." The works include Wuthering Heights, Canterbury Tales, the Crucible, Paradise Lost, and many others. Each entry includes a short bibliography for further research.
    See also:  World Literature and Its Times.  Ref  PN50 .M625

    Twentieth Century Literary Movements Dictionary.  Ref  PN597 T94 2000
    Find history and people connected to particular literary movements including Beat Generation, Harlem Renaissance, Jazz Age, Realism, Theater of the Absurd, and many more.  Entries on authors connected to the movements are also included.  Title, Author, and other indexes are included for easy access.

    Encyclopedia of American LiteratureRef  PS21 .F33 2002
    This set provides brief overviews of literary works from the colonial and revolutionary era (1607-1814) through the age of romanticism and realism (1815-1914) to the modern and postmodern period (from 1915 on).  It includes bibliographical references and indexes.

    Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature.  Ref PS21 E537 2004
    Here find entries on well known American authors as well as articles on topics such as Vietnam in Poetry and Prose; Imagism and American Poets; Black Arts Movement; Nature Writing; etc.  There are also brief entries on specific, well known works such as Our Town; Grapes of Wrath; The Sun Also Rises.

    Oxford Companion to American Literature (6th ed.).     Ref  PS21 .H3 1995
    This and the following volumes Identify authors, give summaries of works, and define literary schools and movements. A good all-purpose handbook.

    The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English (third ed.).    Ref  PR85 C29 2006
    This contains entries on both British and American authors, as well as authors in other countries who write primarily in English. Genres, works, and literary schools are also covered.

    CRITICAL INFORMATION ON AUTHORS

    Ely Library Catalog. Use to find books in Ely Library with biographical and critical works about authors.

    Dictionary of Literary Biography.     Ref  PS129 D5
    This multi-volume work provides biographies and bibliographies. Check the last volume for an index to the whole set, or use the Gale Literary Index online. For example, Crane, Stephen 12, 54, 78 (each number represents a volume of the set--each volume is alphabetically arranged)

    American Writers (Ref PS129 A55) & British Writers (Ref  PR85 B688)
    Lengthy essays on authors. The last volume has a cumulative index - Check here to see if an author is listed in this set.

    Modern American Literature (2 vols.).    Ref  PS 221 M53 1999
    Very short excerpts on authors from a variety of both popular and scholarly sources which can often be tracked down in Ely Library. There is no index by title, so you must know your author to use this effectively.

    American Women Writers.       Ref  PS147 A4
    Biographical and bibliographical information on well-established women in literature.

    An Encyclopedia of British Women Writers.  Ref  PR111 E54 1998
    Biographical and bibliographical information on well-established British women authors.

    Black Women in America: an historical encyclopedia.      Ref  E185.86 B542 1993
    Biographical rather than critical information on black women. Many writers are included here who are not in other sources.

    Contemporary Authors and New Revision Series.      Located on tables in Reference Area
    Emphasis is on biographical information about authors in many fields although some critical interpretation is included.  Selections from this are also available in Biography Resource Center.  On the Advanced Search Screen, enter the author's name in the first dialog box and type "Contemporary Authors" in the second dialog box, changing to "source" from the drop-down menu next to it.

    Short Story Writers. Ed. by Frank N. Magill.    REF PN3373 .S398 1997
    102 short story authors are covered in this three volume set. Each entry includes an illustration of the
    author, a list of principle short fiction, achievements, biography, analysis, and bibliography.

    The Undergraduate's Companion to American Writers and Their Web Sites.  REF PS 88 .B67 2001
    This book provides lists of sources in print and available on the Internet.

    GUIDES TO CRITICAL WORKS ON THE NOVEL

    Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction (11 vols.).   Ref  PN56 P55 B43 1996
    The first 3 volumes provide short author biographies and critical bibliographies, followed by 7 volumes of brief analyses organized by specific works.  Each analysis includes Social Concerns, Themes, Characters/Techniques, and Literary Precedents.

    Encyclopedia of the Novel (2 vols.).   Ref  PN41 .E487 1998
    Here find concise, readable entries on authors, selected works, concepts (e.g. "implied author"), genres (e.g. "historical novel"), regional origins, and more. Use the index in volume 2.

    The English Novel : Twentieth century criticism.   Ref  PR821 .E53x
    An excellent source for citations to critical periodical articles and books on selected British authors. It is arranged alphabetically by author with headings for specific works following each name. A list of abbreviated periodicals is found in the front and a list of books cited, in the back.

    Critical Survey of Long Fiction (8 vols.).   Ref  PN3451 .C75 2000
    Includes essays on specific aspects of the genre as well as critical essays on an author's work. Bibliographic information for further research is included. Author/Title index in volume 8.

    Guide to British Prose Fiction Explication : 19th and 20th century.   Ref  PR861 .B38 1997
    Lists of books and articles are organized by author’s name, then by general and specific works. A list of abbreviated periodical titles can be found towards the beginning of this volume.

    Major Characters in American Fiction.  Ref  PS374.C43 M35 1994
    This work serves to recreate the lives of fictional characters in both major and minor novels.  Not all characters are represented, but those with considerable coverage in the works in which they appear have a concise, half page of who they are and what they did.  Don't look for criticism here.
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    GUIDES TO CRITICAL WORKS ON SHORT STORIES
    Short Story Criticism.     Ref PN3373 .S386
    Excerpts of criticism on authors and their short stories. Consult the cumulative index in the last volume on the shelf to find an author or title of a short story. In addition the index contains references to Contemporary Literary Criticism and Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Use Gale Literary Index online for quick referral to the correct volume.

    Twentieth-Century Short Story Explications.    Ref PN3373 W33x 1977
    A checklist of criticism published 1900-1975. Covers major American and British authors, with limited coverage of non-English speaking countries. Full citations of the books used are listed in back of book under the critic’s name. Journal abbreviations are also in back of book. Contains an index to authors.

    Critical Survey of Short Fiction. Ed. by Frank N. Magill.      Ref PN3321 .C7
    There are three major subdivisions in this seven volume set: Essays; Authors; and Current Authors. The first includes material on geographic regions, ethnic groups, historical roots of the genre, etc. The Author section contains summaries of criticism alphabetically arranged by author, and the Current Author subdivision includes articles written almost entirely by the authors themselves. Articles include bibliographies and index.

    GUIDES TO CRITICAL WORKS ON POETRY
    Critical Survey of Poetry.    Ref PR 502 .C85 2003
    Biographical information and analysis of major poems. Arranged alphabetically by poet. Vol. 8 has index to poets and poem titles.

    Poetry Criticism.    Ref PN1010 .P499
    Excerpts from criticism of the works of the most significant and widely studied poets of world literature. Brief biographical information included. Multi-volume set. Use Gale Literary Index online for quick referral to the correct volume.

    Guide to American Poetry Explication.      Ref PS 201 .R66 1989
    Guide to British Poetry Explication.       Ref PR 311 .M34
    These volumes serve as indexes to critical articles and book chapters on specific poems. Arranged alphabetically by poet and then by poem title. Abbreviated listings of critical works are listed under each poem title. Use the back of the book to identify the full title of the books and journals cited.

    Poetry Explication.                 Ref PR502 K8x 1980
    A checklist of interpretations since 1925 of British and American poems past and present. This volume is organized by author and then by individual work. Under the name of a poem find citations to periodical articles and book chapters. Refer to the front of the book for a list of abbreviations.
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    GUIDES TO CRITICAL WORKS ON PLAYS
    Drama Criticism.         Ref PN1601 D59
    Excerpts from criticism of "the most significant and widely studied dramatic works" of world literature. Brief biographical information included. Multi-volume set. Use Gale Literary Index online for quick referral to the correct volume.

    American drama criticism : Interpretations, 1890-1977 (2nd ed.).             Ref PS332 .A5
    Find extensive lists of citations to articles and books including reviews and longer criticism. Search for your author, and then a subheading for a specific work. Indexes for titles, playwrights and critics are found in the back of each volume.

    Critical survey of drama (7 vols.).            Ref PN2035 .C7
    This set contains articles on playwrights (alphabetically arranged) and their works as well as a volume of essays on types of drama through time and in different regions of the world.  Author / Title index in volume 6.

    Dramatic Criticism Index.             Ref PN1861 .B8x
    A bibliography of commentaries on playwrights from Ibsen to the avant-garde. Use this to locate articles and books on your playwright and plays. Provides specific page numbers in general works which may be available in Ely Library. Check the Online Ely Library Catalog.

    Cambridge History of American Theatre.    Ref PN2221 .C37
    Look here for history on all dimensions of American Theatre including theatre building, playwriting, directors, performers, and designers.  Divided mostly by name, lengthy articles are supplemented by extensive timelines, bibliographies, and indices.

    McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama (2nd ed.).  Ref  PN 1625 .M3 1984
    This five volume set contains brief entries on specific authors, plays, and genres which provide a good overview of dramatic literature from Greek drama through 20th Century works.  See index in volume five.

    INDEXES to works in collections

    The Short Story Index.               Ref PN3373 .C6x
    A finding guide to short stories which have been published in periodicals and collections. If you need to locate a particular story this is the place to look.

    LitFinder  Limited to WSC community
    (Internet Site: http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/dbalpha.htm#LitFinder)
    Access to more than 30,000 full text poems, essays, stories, plays, and speeches, plus references to anthologies and sources for 100,000 other works. Searchable indexes of titles, first lines, last lines, and authors.

    Columbia Granger's Index to Poetry in Anthologies.         Ref PN1022 C63 2002
    Use the indexes located at the end of this volume to locate poems by title, first line, author, or subject.

    Index to Plays in Periodicals, 1977-1987.     Ref PN1721 .K43 1990
    Index to Plays in Collections (1900 and 1985).     Ref PN1655 .O8 1988
    Use these volumes to locate specific plays in either journals (periodicals) or book anthologies (collections). Look up the first in a Current Periodicals List and the second in the Ely Library Catalog.
    Sample Subject Headings for LITERARY CRITICISM

    Use in the Ely Library Catalog and Periodical Indexes (see notes above).
    Always watch for appropriate subheadings.
    Caution: Use these representative headings as a starting point only!

    General
    Fiction
    General:
    American Literature  Allegory
    (Author's/Poet’s/Dramatist’s Name) – Criticism and Interpretation Authors, English
    (Author's/Poet’s/Dramatist’s Name) - Style [or technique] Feminism and Literature
    English Literature – 19th Century Heroes in Literature
    Plots (Drama, novel, etc.)  
    Women in Literature Women Authors

    Sample Subject Headings for FICTION (including NOVELS & SHORT STORIES)

    Afro-Americans – Fiction Authors Fiction - History and Criticism
    American Fiction - 20th Century English Fiction
    Fiction – 19th Century Short Stories, American - Afro-American 
    Science Fiction Short Stories, English – History and Criticism

    Sample Subject Headings for POETRY

      Afro-Americans - Poetry 
    American Poetry - 20th Century  Children's Poetry 
    English Poetry - Early Modern, 1500-1700  Epic Poetry - History and Criticism 
    Poetry, Medieval - History and Criticism  Love Poetry 
    Poetry, Ancient - History and Criticism  Sonnets 
    Poets, English - 19th Century – History and Criticism  Women Poets

    Sample Subject Headings for PLAYS, DRAMA, and THEATER

    American Drama Afro-American Theater
    Historical Drama Drama in Education
    Children’s Plays Dramatic Criticism
    Greek Drama  Drama - Explication
    Theater – United States [or England, France, etc.] English Drama
    Historical Drama Spanish Drama
    Plays Playwriting

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    Last updated May 31, 2006