For a guide to Reference Sources in Biology, see Biology
Reference Sources
To locate journal articles related to Biology, see Biology
Databases
Dr. Buzz Hoagland, Biology Department: Westfield State College, also maintains an extensive list of biology web sites, which can be found here.
Biology Browser
http://www.biologybrowser.org
Produced by BIOSIS, this is a free web site offering resources for
the life sciences information community including: BIOSIS resources- such
as the Nomenclature Glossary for Zoology, the Zoological Record Thesaurus,
the Index to Organism Names, Guide to the Animal Kingdom for Students and
Educators, and more- plus a forum for biologists and scientists, and links
to current science news stories and relevant web sites.
National Reference
Center for Bioethics Literature (Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown
University)
http://bioethics.georgetown.edu/nrc/
Bibliographic database that contain citation information for "journal
articles, book chapters, bills, laws, court decisions, reports, books,
audiovisuals, and news articles relating to bioethics, professional ethics,
and ethics and public policy issues in genetics." This site also has readymade
bibliographies. You can use the Ely Library Catalog (books) or the Full
Text Periodical Directory (journals/magazines/newspapers) to see if the
items are available here.
arXiv.org (Cornell University
Library)
http://www.arxiv.org/
Hosted by the Cornell University Library, this archive provides searchable
access to 359,541 research papers in physics, mathematics, computer science,
and quantitative biology.
eNature (National
Wildlife Federation)
http://www.enature.com/home/
This site has 5,500 field guides for birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians,
fishes, seashells, seahorse creatures, spiders, insects, butterflies, wildflowers,
and trees. Some of the categories in the field guides are family, description,
endangered status, similar, species, breeding, habitat, range, discussion,
and tracks (mammals).
National Biological Information Infrastructure
http://www.nbii.gov/
From the U.S. Geologic Survey, a website dedicated to the access of
biological information on the web. The site has gathered together links
to web content, categorizing them by biological discipline, geographic
region, and by current issues. The site also offers links to teacher resources,
a thesaurus for biological terms, and links to data and bioinformatics
sites.
Complete Works of Charles
Darwin Online & Darwin
Correspondence Project (University of Cambridge)
http://darwin-online.org.uk/ & http://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/
Complete Works of Charles Darwin Online "is the largest collection
of writings by and about Darwin ever published. It contains Darwin's complete
publications, many handwritten manuscripts and the largest Darwin bibliography
and manuscript catalogue. There are also over 200 supplementary texts,
from reference works, reviews, obituaries, biographies and more." The Darwin
Correspondence Project "is an Online Database with the complete, searchable,
texts of around 5,000 letters written by and to Charles Darwin up to the
year 1865. This includes all the surviving letters from the Beagle
voyage - online for the first time - and all the letters from the years
around the publication of Origin of species in 1859."
CalPhotos
(Biodiversity Sciences Technology, University of California, Berkeley)
http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/browse_imgs/
CalPhotos is a collection of more than 100,000 digital images of fungi,
plants, and animals. Photos can be browsed by common name or scientific
name.
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Dictionaries & Encyclopedias
NatureServe
Explorer: An Online Encyclopedia of Life
http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/index.htm
The encyclopedia is searchable by scientific or common name and is
a comprehensive collection of encyclopedic entries on most animal and plant
species, with entries for ecological communities and systems as well. Entries
contain sections for conservation status, distribution, complete taxonomical
classification, and images.
Visionary
http://www.liden.cc/Visionary/
"A dictionary for the study of vision:" an alphabetical listing of
terms used in the study of vision, including definitions, relevant charts,
graphs, illustrations and tables. The subfields covered include visual
neuroscience, visual psychophysics, and machine vision.
Kimball's Biology Pages
http://biology-pages.info/
The pages are an online biology encyclopedia consisting of alphabetized
lists of biological terms (the index/glossary) with links to discussions
of a wide range of biological topics (many illustrated).
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Teaching Biology
BioSciEdNet (National
Science Digital Library)
http://www.biosciednet.org/portal/
"The BEN Portal provides access to education resources from BEN Collaborators
and is managed by the American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS). Over 4,701 reviewed resources covering 77 biological sciences topics
are available."
The Biology Project
http://www.biology.arizona.edu
"The Biology Project, an interactive online resource for learning biology developed
at The University of Arizona [. . .]. It has been designed for biology students
at the college level, but is useful for high school students, medical students,
physicians, science writers, and all types of interested people."
BioEd Online: Biology Teacher Resources
(Baylor College of Medicine)
http://www.bioedonline.org/
An online educational resource for educators, students, and parents. BioEd Online
utilizes state-of-the-art technology to provide instant access to reliable,
cutting-edge information and educational tools for biology and related subjects.
Our goal is to provide useful, accurate, and current information and materials
that build upon and enhance the skills and knowledge of science educators.
The Biology Corner
http://www.biologycorner.com/
Sample lesson plans, classroom activities, labs, worksheets, and webquests (assignments
for the web) are included for teaching biology at the secondary school level.
Understanding Evolution:
An Evolution Website for Teachers
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/
A resource page for secondary school teachers who are teaching evolution,
this site includes lesson plans, strategies for dealing with opposition
and external elements, links to informative resources on evolution to which
you may refer, and background and fundamental knowledge of evolutionary
concepts.
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News
American Association for the
Advancement of Science (AAAS)
http://www.aaas.org/news/
You can find the latest AAAS news on this site. Also see the links
in the side toolbar for other news sources.
National Academy of Sciences
http://www.nas.edu/
"The National Academies perform an unparalleled public service by bringing
together committees of experts in all areas of scientific and technological
endeavor. These experts serve pro bono to address critical national issues
and give advice to the federal government and the public."
Nature Science Update
http://www.nature.com/news/index.html
The latest research reported by Nature's science writing team.
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Biodiversity
Biodiversity
Hotspots
http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/xp/Hotspots
From the nonprofit organization, Conservation International, this website
provides information on specific regions where biodiversity is plentiful
but also threatened. The site gives the particular species, the overall
ecosystem, the influences of humans on the ecosystem, and the conservation
actions for each region. The site is rich with content including tables,
photos, and bibliographies.
Biodiversity and Biological
Collections
http://www.biocollections.org
A gateway to over 100 sites "[d]evoted to information of interest to
systematists and other biologists of the organismic kind." Sites are categorized
by field of interest, type of database, or institution.
The Tree of Life
http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html
The Tree of Life has copious information about phylogeny and biodiversity
and contains contributions by 266 experts with extensive bibliographies
to the published literature.
Biodiversity Heritage Library
http://biodiversitylibrary.org/
"Ten major natural history museum libraries, botanical libraries, and
research institutions have joined to form the Biodiversity Heritage Library
Project. The group is developing a strategy and operational plan to digitize
the published literature of biodiversity held in their respective collections.
This literature will be available through a global 'biodiversity commons.'"
Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)
http://www.eol.org/
"An unprecedented global effort . ... by [n]atural history museums,
botanical gardens, other research institutions, and dedicated individuals
... to create the most complete biodiversity database on the Web." As of
March 2008 there were about 25 exemplar species pages, covering species
such as the yellow fever mosquito, peregrine falcon, death cap mushroom,
and cacao. Materials include photos, description, and details about ecology
and cultural relevance.
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Biomedical
Cells Alive!
http://www.cellsalive.com/
Cells Alive! is an award-winning site with heavy emphasis on microbiological
and immunological topics.
Stem Cells Web Sites
for BIOL 104
http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/BIOL104.htm
A collection of websites on stem cell research, with sites discussing
the surrounding debate and controversy, and sites providing background
information on the research and its regulation.
Cellscience
http://cellscience.com/index.asp
Features directories arranged topically, each section relating to a
major disease such as Cancer, Cystic Fibrosis, and Diabetes. The directories
list sites for basic information, charitable organizations, world experts,
clinics, and more.
PubMed Central
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/
A digital archive of life sciences journal literature managed by the
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National
Library of Medicine (NLM), the content on PubMed is free and unrestricted.
A search engine is available from the homepage to search text of the articles
by keyword.
Free Medical
Journals
http://www.freemedicaljournals.com/htm/index.htm
Free access to the full text of more than 1,000 medical journals, including
foreign medical journals, is provided on this site. Most of the journals
have an embargo period of six months, one year, or two years. The journals
are accessible by their title or by medical specialty.
Center for Infectious Disease
Research and Policy (CIDRAP) (University of Minnesota)
http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/
The mission of CIDRAP is "[t]o prevent illness and death from infectious
diseases through epidemiologic research and the rapid translation of scientific
information into real-world practical applications and solutions." This
resource has news, overviews, images, resource lists, and other information
on influenza, bioterrorism, biosecurity, food safety, and more.
GetBodySmart: An Online Examination
of Human Anatomy and Physiology
http://www.getbodysmart.com/
Visually learn about the human body using interactive "Flash" animations
in this fully animated and interactive eBook about human anatomy and physiology.
Contains free tutorials and quizzes that help explain the body's complex
physiological interactions and illustrate its important anatomical landmarks.
All the Virology on the WWW
http://www.virology.net/
"...seeks to be the best single site for Virology information on the
Internet. We have collected all the virology related Web sites that might
be of interest to our fellow virologists, and others interested in learning
more about viruses. Additionally, we have created an index to virus pictures
on the web, The Big Picture Book of Viruses, which also functions as a
resource for viral taxonomy. A collection of some of the best Online Virology
and Microbiology Course Notes available can also be found here."
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Genetics
Genetically Modified
Organisms - Web Sites for BIOL 128
http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/BIOL128.htm
This page was created specifically for Donald "Buzz" Hoagland's course,
Spring Semester, 2004. It is in no way extensive and should serve only
as a starting point for Internet searches.
National Human Genome Research Institute
http://www.genome.gov/
This site provides information on The Human Genome Project, including
the ethical, legal, and social implications of genetic research, submitting
a grant application, links to various genetic databases, and a glossary
of genetics terms.
Genome Programs of the U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science
http://genomics.energy.gov/
This site has information on the Human Genome Project, Microbial Genome
Project, a media collection and resources for teachers.
Genomics
and Its Impact on Science and Society: The Human Genome Project and Beyond
(U.S.
Department of Energy Human Genome Program)
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/publicat/primer2001/index.shtml
This primer updates the 1992 Primer on Molecular Genetics and the booklet
To
Know Ourselves. This edition covers basic science, the Human Genome
Project, what we know so far, societal concerns, medicine, benefits and
more. This primer is available in HTML, PDF, and PowerPoint formats.
Online
Mendelian Inheritance in Man
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=OMIM
This database is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders authored
and edited by Dr. Victor A. McKusick and his colleagues at Johns Hopkins
and elsewhere, and developed for the World Wide Web by NCBI, the National
Center for Biotechnology Information. The database contains textual information,
pictures, and reference information plus copious links to NCBI's Entrez
database of MEDLINE articles and sequence information.
Genetic Science Learning
Center
http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/
An informative site on Genetics with excellent examples of interactive
learning tools along with a Teachers Resources section with classroom activities
and guides.
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Marine Biology
MarineBIO.org
http://marinebio.org/
MarineBIO.org has informative sections on sea creatures, aquatic environments,
ocean history, marine conservation and more. Categorized links are included
to other informational websites.
FishScope
http://depts.washington.edu/fishscop/
This site has time-lapse video and images of the biological development
of fish and fish embryo cells with textual explanations of each recorded
video and image.
Altered
Oceans (Los Angeles Times)
http://www.latimes.com/news/local/oceans/la-oceans-series,0,7842752.special
This is a five part multimedia series covering some of the environmental
issues that are impacting oceans. Each series has videos, photos, and graphics,
which complement the original newspaper article (published July 30 - August
3, 2006).
Seafood - Web Sites
for BIOL 281
http://www.lib.wsc.ma.edu/BIOL281.htm
This web page was created for Biology 281 and is a collection of web
sites on seafood and the fishing industry, with sites representing a wide
variety of perspectives on the subject (biological, environmental, economic
and business-related, governmental and regulatory, etc.)
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Microbiology
Microbes.info
http://www.microbes.info/
A searchable directory of microbiology resources that includes links
to sites about specific microbiology disciplines such as environmental,
food, industrial, medical, and veterinary. Also includes links to resources
on education, employment, organizations, companies, publications, news,
events, articles, and FAQs. Microbes.info is managed by its creator and
webmaster, Al Chan.
EPA Microbiology
(Environmental Protection Agency)
http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/index.html
"The purpose of this site is to provide access to microbiology related
information that has been developed or managed by the Agency. EPA methods
related to bacteria, viruses and protozoans can be found at this site."
Todar's Online Textbook
of Bacteriology (Dr. Kenneth Todar, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Department of Bacteriology)
http://www.textbookofbacteriology.net/
An online textbook created from Dr. Tudor's lectures. The textbook
includes sections on general bacteriology, bacterial relationships with
animals, principles of bacterial pathogenesis, bacterial pathogens and
diseases of humans, emerging pathogens, and important groups of Prokaryotes.
Microbiology
and Immunology Online (University of South Carolina, School of
Medicine)
http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/book/welcome.htm
"This internet textbook covers all aspects of microbiology and immunology
and is based on our course for second year Medical Students." Sections
are arranged thematically, with a search function to aid in finding relevant
sections.
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Molecular Biology
National Center for Biotechnology
Information
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
The NCBI hosts a text-based search engine which cross-searches the
major websites and web publishers of information in the field of molecular
biology, including OMIM and PubMed. This website also offers online tutorials,
links to bioinformatics databases, and links to download software tools
for sequencing and other data retrieval.
DNA Interactive
http://www.dnai.org/
This web site features an interactive timeline and educational modules
that cover genetic code, gene manipulation, genomes, applications of DNA
science, and eugenics. Links to news stories about DNA are also provided.
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Plant Biology
PLANTS Database (USDA:
National Resources Conservation Service)
http://plants.usda.gov/index.html
"The PLANTS Database provides standardized information about the vascular plants,
mosses, liverworts, hornworts, and lichens of the U.S. and its territories."
Information can be found by searching for plant names, browsing by topic, or
selecting from a list of FAQs. The plant profile pages include the group, family,
growth habit, and duration of the plant as well as images, distribution by state,
related web sites, and more.
Plant Information Online (University
of Minnesota)
http://plantinfo.umn.edu/
Use Plant Information Online to discover sources in 1,063 North American nurseries
for 107,916 plants, find 378,901 citations to 140,596 plants in science and
garden literature, link to selected websites for images and regional information
about 14,157 plants, and access information on 2,463 North American seed and
nursery firms. Plant Information Online is a free service of the University
of Minnesota Libraries.
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Taxonomy
NCBI
Taxonomy Database
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/taxonomyhome.html
This database contains the names of all organisms that are represented
in the genetic databases with at least one nucleotide or protein sequence.
Users can browse the taxonomic structure or retrieve sequence data for
a particular group of organisms. Also provides links to research literature
on each organism.
Integrated Taxonomic Information
System (ITIS)
http://www.itis.gov/
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is a partnership
of U.S., Canadian, and Mexican agencies, other organizations, and taxonomic
specialists cooperating on the development of an on-line, scientifically
credible, list of biological names focusing on the biota of North America.
ITIS is also a participating member of Species 2000, an international project
indexing the world's known species.
International Commission on Zoological
Nomenclature
http://www.iczn.org/
The ICZN is the organization that regulates the zoological nomenclature
for species in all areas of zoology. Contact information is available as
well as ordering information for the commission's lists and documentation.
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Zoology
Smithsonian
Zoology
http://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_SI/Science_and_Technology/Zoology_Science.htm
This list is a collection of links and prepared bibliographies arranged
taxonomically by species and genus. Many of the links are to the websites
of the National Museum of Natural History and the National Zoo.
Animal
Diversity Web (University of Michigan Museum of Zoology)
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
An online database, Animal Diversity Web has informative web pages
covering a wide variety of animal species, accessible by search engine
or by browsing categories. Web pages are organized into sections listing
habitat, reproduction, food habits, conservation status, with illustrations
and classification for each animal species.
Primate Info Net (National
Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison)
http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/
"Primate Info Net (PIN) is designed to cover the broad field of primatology
providing original content and links to resources about nonhuman primates
in research, education and conservation."
WildFinder
(World Wildlife Fund)
http://www.worldwildlife.org/wildfinder/
This tool lets you search for species in particular place (by city,
zip code, or country) or search a species name to see where it lives. The
results list the species' scientific name, common name, threat status,
distribution map, and a link to images found on Google.
ARKive
http://www.arkive.org/
A collection of audio-visual materials on endangered species worldwide
and endangered, protected, and common species in Britain, ARKive provides
pictures, movies, and detailed information on species. Information for
each species includes a description, range, habitat, biology, threats,
conservation, links for further information, and references. There is also
a collection of free resources for educators.
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Biological Anthropology
Biological
Anthropology Tutorials
http://anthro.palomar.edu/tutorials/biological.htm
Presents brief, illustrated Web pages woth links
to additional sources of information. Covers 16 subtopics in Biological
Anthropology from "Early Theories of Evolution" through "Evolution of Modern
Humans".